Set & Setting: The Secret for a Transformative Psychedelic Journey

When it comes to psychedelics, two key factors often determine whether the experience is healing or distressing: "set" and "setting." These terms refer to the mindset of the individual and the environment in which the psychedelic experience takes place. Together, they create the foundation for safe and transformative journeys, especially in therapeutic contexts.

What Is "Set"?

"Set" refers to the mindset an individual brings to their psychedelic experience. This includes their mood, expectations, intentions, and psychological state at the time of the journey. If someone approaches a psychedelic experience with fear, unresolved trauma, or unrealistic expectations, these elements can shape the nature of their trip.

For example, setting an intention—such as exploring past trauma or seeking clarity about a life decision—can guide the experience in a meaningful direction. Similarly, being in a calm, prepared state can help reduce the likelihood of challenging emotions overwhelming the individual.

What Is "Setting"?

"Setting" encompasses the physical and social environment in which the experience occurs. Factors like lighting, music, the presence of a trusted guide, and even the temperature can influence the individual’s comfort and sense of safety.

Therapeutic psychedelic sessions take place in carefully controlled environments. Soft lighting, calming music, and the presence of a trained therapist help participants feel secure enough to let go and explore their inner world. Outside of therapeutic settings, ensuring a safe space with supportive companions is equally important.

The Importance of Integration

While set and setting are essential during the psychedelic journey, integration—the process of reflecting on and applying the insights gained—is just as critical. A safe environment encourages individuals to process their experiences and make lasting changes in their lives.

Why It Matters

A poorly prepared set and setting can lead to distressing experiences or amplify anxiety. However, when both are optimized, psychedelics can open doors to profound healing and self-discovery. By creating the right conditions, individuals can maximize the transformative potential of psychedelics and approach their journeys with confidence. 

I can share from my own lived experience that your set and setting can have a significant impact on whether you have a good experience or not. I have learned that exploring these magical medicines in a social context or group setting does not work for me. I believe that the true power of the medicines is intended to be used for introspection, self-reflection and self-discovery; not to get messed up at a party and see magical dragons.

Written by Lindsey Thomson, Registered Psychotherapist & Creatrix. To learn more on this psychedelic assisted therapy series, visit Lindsey's website at www.mymomentummind.com.

References

1. Leary, T., et al. (1963). The effects of set and setting on the psychedelic experience. Harvard Review, 3, 104-117.
2. Carhart-Harris, R. L., et al. (2018). Psychedelics and the essential importance of context. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 32(7), 725-731.
3. Gasser, P., et al. (2014). Safety and efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide-assisted psychotherapy for anxiety. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 202(7), 513-520.